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·All the major worldwide direct shipping iron ore deposits associated with banded iron formations BIF are characteristically deeply weathered
·Banded iron quartzites first appeared in the Archean and are known from all continents In Greenland the banded iron formation of the Isua Iron Belt is among the earliest known sedimentary rock
·The meridional extent of marine ice during the Neoproterozoic snowball Earth events is debated Banded iron formations associated with the Sturtian glaciation are considered evidence for a
·Banded iron formations BIFs are among the few chemical sedimentary archives that capture the biogeochemical evolution of Fe cycling and the redox evolution of the early Earth Although biologically recycled continental Fe has been previously proposed to be a significant source of Fe in BIFs deposited from a stratified ocean at the onset of the Great
·Banded Iron Formation Table 1 The world s largest producers of iron 2000 2017 estimated See text for details Values extracted from Menzie et al 2013 and US Geological Survey Mineral Commodity Summaries January 2013
·Banded iron formations BIFs are enigmatic chemical sedimentary rocks that chronicle the geochemical and microbial cycling of iron and carbon in the Precambrian However the formation pathways of Fe carbonate namely siderite remain disputed Here we provide photomicrographs Fe C and O isotope of siderite and organic C isotope of the whole rock
·Many Neoarchean Algoma type BIFs are distributed in the NCC Zhai and Santosh 2013 particularly in Anshan Benxi Mihuai Eastern Hebei and Wutai Lvliang areas Yao 1993 Iron ore deposits in Eastern Hebei are explored and exploited in the last decades with Qian an and Luanxian deposits being the most pivotal and potential ones among others
·Banded iron formation BIF is defined as a sedimentary rock with alternating mm to cm scale iron rich and iron poor layers typically consisting of
·The Kuruman Formation in the Transvaal Supergroup Northern Cape Province of South Africa contains several iron and manganese ore deposits resulting in numerous studies particularly within the
·Metamorphosed banded iron formation BIF in granulite amphibolite facies tonalitic orthogneisses from a series of locations in the Kolli Massif of southern India are described and analysed with regard to their lithologies whole rock chemistry mineral reaction textures and mineral chemistry On the basis of their mineral reaction textures along magnetite quartz grain
·Banded iron formations BIFs have attracted several geologists for their economic potentiality and are regarded as the foremost profitable sources of iron A variant of the sediment hosted subclass is the banded iron formation BIF hosted gold deposit group members of which are commonly small and sub economic Steadmana et al 2014
6 ·Brockman Iron Formation is a banded iron formation BIF a type of sedimentary rock consisting of alternating layers of iron oxides and iron poor chert Banded iron formation BIF was deposited from dissolved ferrous iron in the circulating waters of an early global ocean under a reducing atmosphere
·The high content of ferrous iron in the lakes absorbed toxic oxygen forming iron oxides as banded iron formation BIF Excess photosynthetic oxygen molecules escaped into the anoxic atmosphere At Ga oxygenated meteoric water infiltrated the continental subsurface oxidizing hydrothermal fluids precipitating underground layered iron
·The Joffre banded iron formation Hamersley Group Western Australia Assessing the palaeoenvironment through detailed petrology and chemostratigraphy Precambrian Res 273 12 37 2016
·Banded Iron Formation also known as BIF or as taconite in North America is a term that is applied to a very unique sedimentary rock of biochemical origin These rocks are unique in their make up unique in their age and unique in their origins They are found all over the world but only in certain areas of all the major continents
·Fig 3 k illustrates the sequence stratigraphy of an exceptional type of Ediacaran banded iron salt formation BISF that occurs in several Persian Gulf in particular the Hormuz Island BIFs The proximal banded magnetite hematite ores occur in the upper part of the altered rhyolitic dome
Banded Iron Formations published in Encyclopedia of Geobiology The mineralogy of the least metamorphosed BIFs consists of chert magnetite hematite carbonates siderite and dolomite ankerite greenalite stilpnomelane and riebeckite Klein 2005 the presence of both ferric and ferrous minerals gives BIF an average oxidation state of Fe Klein and Beukes
banded iron formation « Back to Glossary Index A sedimentary rock that formed long ago as free oxygen changed the solubility of iron causing layers of iron rich and iron poor sediments to form in thin layers or bands Synonyms banded iron BIF banded ironstone formation
·The spark to put together this volume on banded iron formation BIF related high grade iron ore was born in 2005 during a steamy night in Carajás where the iron research group from the Universidade Federal Minas Gerais Vale geologists Carlos Rosière and Steffen Hagemann were hotly debating the hypogene alteration genesis for the high grade jaspilite
·Archean banded iron formations BIFs are important lithologies for understanding the early Earth processes Satkoski et al 2015 demonstrated redox stratified ocean at Ga from the Manzimnyama Banded Iron Formation BIF Fig Tree Group South Africa on the basis of a combination of stable Fe and radiogenic U Th Pb isotope data They
Banded iron formation contains layers of iron oxides essentially either hematite or magnetite isolated by layers of chert silica stocked sedimentary rock Each layer is generally narrow millimeters to few centimeters The rock has a characteristically banded appearance due to differently colored darker iron rich and lighter silica layers
·Banded Iron Formations BIFs are marine chemical sediments consisting of alternating iron Fe rich and silica Si rich bands which were deposited throughout much of the Precambrian era BIFs represent important proxies for the geochemical composition of Precambrian seawater and provide evidence for early microbial life Iron present in BIFs was
·Debates on the formation of banded iron formations BIFs in ancient iron rich oceans are dominated by contradictions between biological and non biological iron cycling This study provides
Banded iron formation BIF deposition was the likely result of oxidation of ferrous iron in seawater by either oxygenic photosynthesis or iron dependent anoxygenic photosynthesis—photoferrotrophy BIF deposition however remains enigmatic because the photosynthetic biomass produced during iron oxidation is conspicuously absent from BIFs
·Iron in the early anoxic oceans of Archean age 4000 2500 million years ago is believed to have been oxidized to form banded iron formations BIF