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·Activation of Bentonite clay using hydrochloric acid HCl [15 16] sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4 [17 18] and other acids [19 20] has been reported Out of all acids H 2 SO 4 is preferred mostly as
·the activating agent Solutions of sulfuric acid and lith ium hydroxide are used as activating agents It is shown that during combined treatment of enriched clay which includes activation with sulfuric acid and lithium hydroxide its sorption capacity grows by times in relation to Fe3 ions
Structural Property Improvements of Bentonite with Sulfuric Acid Activation Suna BALCI1 1Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Gazi University 06570 Ankara Turkey Abstract The acid activation of bentonite from Middle Anatolia consisting of mostly montmorillonite with a hot solution of H 2 SO 4
·The second step included two successive operations bentonite activation by sulfuric acid attack was followed by thermal treatment at two temperatures 100 and 200 °C The effect of the experimental conditions on the behavior of adsorption was studied The adsorption data were analyzed by the traditional models and the thermodynamic parameters
·For the regeneration of waste engine oil by active Ca bentonite powder the porous adsorbents were prepared by acidification using nitric and sulfuric acid solutions The optimum properties for methylene blue adsorption by clays activated in the presence of nitric and sulfuric acids were specific surface areas SSA of 109 and 89 m 2 g − 1
·Bentonite has always had a multitude of markets and acid activated bentonite was a traditional product for many decades It is usually a Ca 2 bentonite that was treated with inorganic acids to replace divalent calcium ions with monovalent hydrogen ions and to leach out ferric ferrous aluminium and magnesium ions thus altering the layers of
·One application of calcium bentonite with a significant market is the decolourization of vegetable animal and mineral oils Most of the calcium bentonite used for filtering and decolourizing oils is acid activated Odom 1984 Acid treatment with sulphuric or hydrochloric acid removes the calcium cations from the surfaces and edges of the layers
·of excess sulfuric acid and then washed with deionized water multiple times to ensure removal of excess sulfuric acid The washed bentonite samples were placed in a drying oven for 6 hours at 105ºC and then the dried samples were accurately weighed using an analytical balance Finally the dried weighed samples were ground into fine powder
·Activation of Bentonite clay using hydrochloric acid HCl [15] [16] sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4 [17] [18] and other acids [19] [20] has been reported Out of all acids H 2 SO 4 is preferred mostly as the activation can be performed by mild process conditions and the quality of the end product is better with high specific surface area and
·Biodiesel obtained by transesterification of vegetable oils and fats is an alternative for petro diesel fuel Purification of biodiesel is one of the crucial steps in the production of biodiesel The conventional wet washing of biodiesel involves huge quantities of water energy and time Therefore dry washing was carried out with raw bentonite clay
The acid activation of bentonite from Middle Anatolia consisting of mostly montmorillonite with a hot solution of H 2 SO 4 with different concentrations was carried out SEM images nitrogen sorption isotherms and FTIR spectra were used to examine structural changes of the bentonite with acid activation Acid base titration method was applied to determine surface acidities
·Stability of bentonite in sulfuric acid XRF data The data of XRF analysis are presented in Table 1 A complete exchange of Na cations by protons was occurred and small amounts of Mg 2
·The objective of this work was to determine the changes of thermal and surface properties of a bentonite from Çankιrι after activation using different concentrations of H2SO4 solutions 4 M XRD FTIR DTA and TG analyses of the samples were performed to examine the structural changes of the bentonite before and after acid activation DTA peaks
·Background Environmental contamination by chromium Cr has become an important issue due to its adverse effects on human health and environment This study was done to evaluate the application of modified bentonite using sulfuric acid as an adsorbent in the removal of hexavalent Cr from aqueous solution Methods Adsorbent features were determined using
Sulfuric acid acetic acid v acid/w clay ratio=20 40 and 60% and sulfuric/acetic mixtures 1 1 ratio were used in the bentonite clay activation The activated clays were used in the UMO
Abstract Acid activation was carried out by heating muds prepared from Ca rich bentonite CaB sulfuric acid H2SO4 and distilled water yielding various bleaching earths BEs The roles of each Expand
·Natural bentonite was activated with sulfuric acid at 90 °C and exchanged with a set of 4 alkyltrimethylammonium bromides alkyl = C12 C14 C16 and C18 to evaluate the effect of carbon chain
·In this work an inexpensive and commercially available bentonite was modified by sulfuric acid and explored as the new type of support to immobilize tetraethylenepentamine TEPA for CO2 capture
·Generally acid activation modified the physico chemical properties of the raw clay minerals The extent of these modifications depended on the type origin of the clay minerals and the conditions of the acid activation In this study a bentonite exhibited a strong stability toward the acid treatment at 90 °C and at higher acid/clay mineral ratios with slight depletion
·An activation of natural clay has been developed Activation was applied by refluxing the natural bentonite in variation of the sulfuric acid concentration and calcination time of pillared
as follows bentonite treated with sulfuric acid at 1 mol/L is denoted as BS1 bentonite treated with nitric acid at 5 mol/L is denoted as BN5 and bentonite treated with phosphoric acid at 10 mol/L is denoted as BP10 In the study we prepared nine samples denoted as BS1 BS5 BS10 BN1 BN5 BN10 BP1 BP5 and BP10
purification has become a topic of research In this study the use of bentonite clay modified by acid activation is proposed Sulfuric acid acetic acid v acid/w clay ratio=20 40 and 60% and sulfuric/acetic mixtures 1 1 ratio were used in the bentonite clay activation The activated clays were used in the UMO
The traditional all wet method is to mix bentonite sulfuric acid and water and then heat to 100 ℃ with stirring for activation for a period of time After washing drying and crushing the product can be obtained The biggest disadvantage of this method is that the amount of acid consumption is large which leads to large water consumption
Bentonite treated with 6 M sulfuric acid Ben H2SO4 6M can reach a pore volume of cc/g from that of the parent bentonite of cc/g With the maximum TEPA loading of 50 wt % onto the Ben H2SO4 6M sorbent the maximum CO2 breakthrough sorption capacity reached 130 mg of CO2/g of sorbent at 75 C under a dry condition With an addition of
·Similar effects of phosphoric acid concentration on organic matter uptake have been reported for other sorbents such as sulfuric acid activated bentonite waste sludge low quartz kaolinite and
Therefore the mass fraction of sulfuric acid in all time and temperature serious experiments was set to Next for the temperature series experiments a set of seven muds having x = were
·Natural bentonite was activated with sulfuric acid at 90 °C and exchanged with a set of 4 alkyltrimethylammonium bromides alkyl = C12 C14 C16 and C18 to evaluate the effect of carbon chain length on the TCP adsorption X ray diffraction was used to study the change in the structural properties of the samples
